DOI: 10.5176/2010-4804_2.4.269
Authors: J. Mbonigaba
Abstract:
The literature has long argued that the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS interventions depends on the contexts of their implementation. However, estimates of the relative costs, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HIV/AIDS interventions in socio-economic contexts such as rural and urban areas in South Africa are insufficient to guide policy makers in resource allocations. This paper uses Markov states transition models to provide and compare such estimates for prevention of mother-tochild transmission (PMTCT), highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for adults, and HAART for children. Data for the baseline costs and health outcomes are collected in the literature. To capture the effect of a given HIV/AIDS intervention and the area of its implementation, transitions in HIV/AIDS states over time are pegged to projections of Spectrum Policy Modeling System in that area. The results suggest that the extent to which cost effectiveness of HIV/AIDS interventions across a rural area and an urban area are different is great. Policy makers should allocate resources according to these CE variations.
Keywords: cost-effectiveness, South Africa, urban, rural
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