DOI: 10.5176/2301-394X_ACE14.39
Authors: Cevza Melek KAZEZYILMAZ-ALHAN, Sezar GÜLBAZ and Ayşenur ŞİMŞEK
Abstract:
Flood plays an important role among natural disasters. Especially in highly urbanized regions, flood causes serious loss of life and property. The driving mechanisms of flood should be investigated in detail in order to decrease its negative effects and to prevent disasters. Further, permanent precautions should be taken. One of the latest and most fatal event occurred in Ayamama Stream in Istanbul on 09.09.2009. As a result of this flood, 31 people died and 50 people were injured. In addition, a lot of structures were damaged which influenced the economy significantly. In this study, a hydrological model for the Ayamama Watershed and Ayamama Stream is developed using Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM). The flood event occurred on 09.09.2009 is simulated and results are compared with observations done during the site visit. Furthermore, flood simulations are conducted under other heavy rainfall events. The effect of high urbanization in the Ayamama Watershed on flooding is observed and flood depth and volume are calculated by using the hydrological model. It is concluded that especially uncontrolled and unplanned settlements act as a big threat on flood.
Keywords: Ayamama watershed; flooding; hydrologic watershed model; EPA SWMM; land use changes
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